Beginning Greek Grammar Guide
Guide to Greek Grammars
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Top 10 countdown video
Introduction
Each month, I review a beginning Greek Grammar on the Master New Testament Greek YouTube channel.
After I review each grammar, I assign it a spot on “the leaderboard” below. This page lists the grammars I’ve reviewed ranked in order.
For each grammar you’ll find
- Publication information and purchase links
- Video review
- Use case
- Distinctives
- Strengths
- Weaknesses
If you have anything you’d like me to add to this list, let me know. Similarly, if you’d like me to add a specific grammar to this list, also, let me know. However, note that there are a lot of grammars on the market and more coming out every year, so I may not get to every grammar in a timely manner. I tend to prioritize more recent grammars over older ones.
To find out when new reviews are published, subscribe on YouTube and download my roadmap to mastery to join the Master New Testament Greek mailing list.
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Greek Grammar Reviews
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1. Harris, Introduction to Greek Grammar
Dana Harris, An Introduction to Biblical Greek Grammar: Elementary Syntax and Linguistics (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Academic, 2020), 471 pages.
Video Review
Click the thumbnail to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Classroom grammar, reference grammar
Distinctives
Strengths
- Best in class discussion of morphology
- Excellent explanations of English grammar help with learning Greek
- Consolidated paradigms
- Clear guidance on what needs to be learned.
- Helpful summaries
- Revisits concepts expanding on them later
Weaknesses
- Some chapters are a little overwhelming for students
- Verbal aspect seems confused with aktionsart
- Doesn’t mention liquid aorists (but covers liquid futures well)
- Still refers to deponency
- Requires an additional purchase for exercises, making this an expensive option
2. Merkle and Plummer, Beginning with New Testament Greek
Benjamin L. Merkle and Robert L. Plummer, Beginning with New Testament Greek: An Introductory Study of the Grammar and Syntax of the New Testament (Nashville: B&H Academic, 2020), 281 pages
Video Review
Click the thumbnail to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Best all-round grammar, ideal for self-study, but also great as a classroom grammar or to help refresh.
Distinctives
Strengths
- Strong morphology and guidance
- Streamlined approach
- Good treatment of liquid verbs
- Clear guidance for what to memorize
- Built in workbook with several types of exercises
- Logs of online resources available
Weaknesses
- Possibly introduces too many exegetical categories
- Minor: Holds to 3 aspect view of verbs
- Minor: Uses helper verbs for present tense form translation.
3. Decker, Reading Koine Greek
Rodney J. Decker, Reading Koine Greek: An Introduction and Integrated Workbook (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2014), 564 pages
Video Review
Click the thumbnail to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Great for self-study or classroom use. Also an ideal reference grammar or for reviving your Greek. Intended to be used into second year and exegesis classes.
Distinctives
Strengths
- Best in class treatment of verbs
- Up to date and linguistically based understanding of verbs
- Revisits concepts, building them out
- Excellent relation to English grammar
- Built in workbook with several types of exercises
- Provides larger vocabulary and utilizes broader texts in exercises
Weaknesses
- Minor: Holds to 3 aspect view of verbs
- Minor: Uses helper verbs for present tense form translation
- Content may be overwhelming for some first-time learners
Pair with Croy for simplified explanations or with Mounce’s Basics of Biblical Greek for more on morphology.
4. Mounce, Basics of Biblical Greek
Video Review
Click the thumbnail to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Ideal as a classroom grammar, but great for reviving Greek or as a reference grammar.
Distinctives
Strengths
- Best in class discussion of morphology
- Excellent explanations of English grammar help with learning Greek
- Consolidated paradigms
- Clear guidance on what needs to be learned.
- Helpful summaries
- Revisits concepts expanding on them later
Weaknesses
- Some chapters are a little overwhelming for students
- Verbal aspect seems confused with aktionsart
- Could provide more coverage of liquid aorists (but covers liquid futures well)
- Still refers to deponency, even in the 4th edition
- Most expensive grammar (if you buy the workbook too)
Gibson and Campbell, Reading Biblical Greek
Richard J. Gibson and Constantine R. Campbell (Grand Rapids: Zondervan), 125 pages
You can also get the workbook from Amazon here.
Video Review
Click the button to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Classroom grammar
Distinctives
Strengths
- Clear but nuanced approach to verbs
- Short, focused chapters (1 page each)
- Linguistically informed and nuanced
- Fresh approach to biblical Greek
- Reiterates over difficult concepts
Weaknesses
- Sparse exercises (need supplementing)
- Little guidance on what to memorize and how
- Short chapters may not provide enough information for solo learners
Zacharias, Biblical Greek Made Simple
Danny Zacharias, Biblical Greek Made Simple (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2018), 284 pages
Video Review
Click the button to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Classroom or self-study (see distinctives)
Distinctives
Strengths
- Very good descriptions and explanations
- Excellent formatting and use of color
- Helpful “The least you need to know” sections at the end of each chapter
- Fully embraces technology, and includes video links
- Learn Logos at the same time as Greek
Weaknesses
- Very dense information, and significant per-chapter homework requirements offset by “the least you need to know” sections for each chapter
- Could do with more interaction with how English works to clarify how Greek is similar or different
Croy, A Primer for Biblical Greek
N. Clayton Croy, A Primer of Biblical Greek (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999), 203 pages.
Video Review
Click the button to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Classroom grammar.
Distinctives
Strengths
- Very good descriptions and explanations
- Lots of exercises drawn from the NT and LXX as well as author-created
Weaknesses
- Dated – teaches deponency and largely doesn’t deal with verbal aspect at all
- No answer key for exercises
- Quirk: emphasizes inclusive language
Schwandt, An Introduction to Biblical Greek
John D. Schwandt, An Introduction to Biblical Greek, rev ed. (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2020), 316 pages
Video Review
Click the button to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Reviving Greek or possibly solo learning.
Distinctives
Strengths
- Excellent discussion of morphology
- Excellent formatting and use of color
- Helpful “The least you need to know” sections at the end of each chapter
- Built in workbook with excellent variety of exercises to help students learn
- Includes answer key
- Difficult subjects are introduced gradually
Weaknesses
- Participles in one chapter may be a little brief for this difficult component of biblical Greek
- Holds to time in the indicative mood
- Light discussion of moods
- Treats cases in a different order to most grammars
Black, Learn to Read New Testament Greek
David Alan Black, Learn to Read New Testament Greek (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2009), 215 pages.
Video Review
Click the button to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Classroom grammar
Distinctives
Strengths
- Strong exercises including English to Greek
- Doesn’t focus on extraneous grammatical concepts
Weaknesses
- Dated: Teaches deponency
- Some chapters might be overwhelming to students
- Doesn’t provide enough guidance for what students should learn
Summers, Essentials of New Testament Greek, Revised Edition
Ray Summers, Essentials of New Testament Greek, revised ed. (Nashville: B&H Academic, 2019), 156 pages.
Video Review
Click the button to watch my review of this grammar.
Use Case
Classroom Grammar
Distinctives
Strengths
- Clear Descriptions
- Short chapters
- Great approach to third declension
- Exercises at the end of each chapter (workbook included)
- Order of content leaves more difficult concepts until the end
Weaknesses
- No answer key and no additional downloadable content
- Syntactically dated (teaches 8 cases)
- Often over-emphasizes meaning over form
Grammar Details Chart
You can get direct access to the google sheet with all the data here.
| My Rank | Title | Author | Date | Publisher | Ideal Use | Pair with | Layout (/5) | Guidance (/5) | English Grammar | Content Spectrum (1-5) | Middle Voice | Time vs Aspect | Exercises | Answer Key | Strengths (/5) | Weaknesses (/5) | Self-study Ranking | Classroom Ranking | Pages | Amazon | Logos |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Essentials of New Testament Greek (Revised Edition) | Ray Summers | 2019 | B&H Publishing | Classroom | Decker | 3 | 1 | No | 1 | Deponency | Time | Good | No | 2 | 5 | 155 | https://amzn.to/3bf8kbc | N/A | ||
| 9 | Learn to Read New Testament Greek | David A. Black | 2009 | Baker Academic | Reference | Mounce | 3 | 5 | No | 3 | Deponency | Aspect Primary | Good | Yes | 4 | 4 | 3 | 216 | https://amzn.to/3aFyfHd | http://mntg.me/blackgrammar | |
| 8 | An Introduction to Biblical Greek (Revised Edition) | John D. Schwandt | 2020 | Lexham | Classroom | Croy | 5 | 3 | No | 5 | Deponency | Time | Excellent | Yes | 4 | 3 | 316 | https://amzn.to/3gNhgVm | http://mntg.me/schwandt | ||
| 7 | A Primer for New Testament Greek | Clayton Croy | 1999 | Eerdmans | Classroom | Mounce | 2 | 2 | No | 2 | Deponency | Time | Excellent | Online (search) | 3 | 3 | 204 | https://amzn.to/2Ohiy1I | http://mntg.me/croygrammar | ||
| 6 | Biblical Greek Made Simple | Danny Zacharias | 2019 | Lexham | Reference | Decker | 5 | 3 | No | 2 | Middle Voice | Aspect Primary | Excellent | No | 2 | 3 | 325 | https://amzn.to/2xwsY5h | http://mntg.me/bgms | ||
| 5 | Reading Biblical Greek | Campbell & Gibson | 2017 | Zondervan | Classroom | Harris | 4 | 3 | No | 1 | Middle Voice | Aspect | Workbook | No | 4 | 3 | 109 | https://amzn.to/2NRavc8 | N/A | ||
| 4 | The Basics of Biblical Greek (4th Ed) | William D. Mounce | 2019 | Zondervan | Classroom | Decker | 5 | 5 | Yes | 5 | Middle Voice | Aspect Primary | Workbook | Online | 5 | 2 | 3 | 416 | https://amzn.to/2ZY7VFZ | http://mntg.me/bbg4 | |
| 3 | Reading Koine Greek | Rodney Decker | 2014 | Baker Academic | Any | Croy | 4 | 4 | Yes | 5 | Middle Voice | Aspect | Excellent | Partial | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 563 | http://amzn.to/2jgwRU7 | http://mntg.me/decker |
| 2 | Beginning with New Testament Greek | Benjamin Merkle & Robert Plummer | 2020 | B&H Publishing | Any | Mounce | 4 | 3 | No | 3 | Middle Voice | Aspect Primary | Excellent | Yes | 4 | 2 | 1 | 281 | https://amzn.to/33JKIYV | N/A | |
| 1 | Introduction to Biblical Greek Grammar | Dana Harris | 2020 | Zondervan | Classroom/Reference | Decker | 4 | 4 | No | 5 | Middle Voice | Aspect | Workbook | No | 5 | 3 | 1 | 463 | https://amzn.to/39sQP4S | http://mntg.me/harris |